Scandium Fluoride

Source of the photo
https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/dsstoxdb/results?search=DTXSID7065594
Author of the description
Vaszita Emese

 

CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE IDENTIFICATION

Chemical name                 

Scandium trifluoride

Synonyms                           

Scandium fluoride [1]

IUPAC name

Scandium trifluoride

Scandium(3+) ion trifluoride

Scandium(III) fluoride

Scandiumtrifluorid  [1]

CAS No

13709-47-2

REACH registration number

pre-registered

EC No

237-255-4  [1

Molecular formula               

ScF3 or F3Sc [1, 2]

Substance group/chemical family

mono-constituent substance/inorganic salt

Appearance

Physical state

Odour

Form

 

  

    Colour

 

solid  [3]

odourless [3]

powder [3] crystalline ionic compound, cubic crystals at ambient temperatures [7] under pressure also forms different crystal structures (rhombohedral, tetrahedral) [8]

 

bright white   [3]

USES AND HANDLING ISSUES

Relevant identified uses

Scandium Fluoride is applied in optical coating, catalyst, electronic ceramics, laser industry, and also the main materials for making Scandium metal and alloys. The main application of Scandium by weight is in Scandium-Aluminium alloys for minor aerospace industry components. Some items of sports equipment, which rely on high performance materials, have been made with Scandium-Aluminium alloys, including baseball bats, and bicycle frames and components. Lacrosse sticks are also made with Scandium. [6]

Handling considerations

Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols.

Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Never allow product to get in contact with water during storage. Do not store near acids. Do not store in glass. [12]

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Molecular weight                                   

 101.951 g/mol [2, 5]

Bulk density/Specific gravity

 2.53 g/cm3 [3, 5] (predicted)

pH

 

Particle size

 

EC

 

Melting point

 1515 °C  [3, 5](predicted)

Boiling point

 1607° C  [3](predicted)

Flash point

 

Flammability

 

Vapour density

 

Vapour pressure

 

Solubility in water

slightly soluble in water but dissolves in the presence of excess fluoride to form the ScF63− anion [9]  

Solubility in organic solvents

 

Solubility in inorganic solvents

 

Hydrolysis

 

Ionicity in water

 

Surface tension

 

Dispersion properties

 

Specific surface

 

Stability and reactivity

Chemical stability

 hygroscopic [6]

Reactivity hazards

 

Corrosivity

 

Polimerization

 

Incompatibility with various substances

 

Special remarks on reactivity

Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas.

Scandium Fluoride exhibits the unusual property of negative thermal expansion, meaning it shrinks when heated. [7].

Physical, chemical and biological coefficient

Koc

 

Kow

 

pKa

 

log Kp

 0.22 [4]

Henry-constant

 

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND BEHAVIOUR

Artificial pollution sources

 

General terrestrial fate

 

General aquatic fate

 

General atmospheric fate

 

General persistence and degradability

 

Abiotic degradation and metabolites

 

Biodegradation and metabolites

 

Bioconcentration

 

Volatilization

 

Photolysis

 

Hydrolysis

 

Soil adsorption and mobility

 

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS

Measured data

 

 

 

ECOTOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

General adverse effects on ecosystem

Acute toxicity (LC50, EC50)

Aquatic systems

Data lacking [11]

Terrestrial systems

Data lacking [11]

Chronic toxicity (NOEC, LOEC)

Aquatic systems

Data lacking [11]

Terrestrial systems

Data lacking [11]

HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS and PROTECTION

Routes of human exposures

oral, dermal, inhalation [11]

General effects

Toxic if swallowed (Acute Tox. 3). Toxic in contact with skin   (Acute Tox. 3). Toxic if inhaled (Acute Tox. 3). [11] According to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 [12]

Endocrine disruption

Data lacking [11]

Mutagenicity

Data lacking [11]

Carcinogenicity

Data lacking [11]

Reprotoxicity

Data lacking [11]

Teratogenicity

Data lacking [11]

Skin, eye and respiratory irritations

Causes skin irritation. Causes serious eye irritation. May cause respiratory irritation. [11, 12]

Metabolism:

absorption, distribution & excretion

Data lacking [11]

Exposure limits

 

Drinking water MAC

 

 

Other information

 

Animal toxicity data

Acute toxicity (LD50)

LD>10000mg/kg, mammal (species unspecified), intraperitoneal [10,13]

LD>10000mg/kg, mammal (species unspecified), oral [10, 13]

Chronic toxicity (NOEL, LOEL)

 

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS

REACH/CLP There is no harmonised classification and there are no notified hazards by manufacturers, importers or downstream users for this substance. [1]

EINECS regulation

Substances listed in the EINECS, ELINCS, or NLP inventories.̵ [1]

OSHA regulations etc.

 

 

 

OTHER INFORMATION, SPECIAL REMARKS

Classification and proposed labelling with regard to toxicological data

UN GHS Calssification [13]

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

 

 

CREATED, LAST UPDATE

Created

16th July, 2018

Last update

02nd June, 2020

REFERENCES

[1] ECHA Infocard, Available from: https://echa.europa.eu/hu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.033.854, Accessed: 02 .06. 2020

[2] NIH, US National Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information, Open Chemistry Database,  Available from: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/83678#section=Depositor-Supplied-Synonyms,  Accessed: 16 .07. 2018

[3] Wikipedia, Scandium fluoride, Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scandium_fluoride, Accessed: 16 .07. 2018

[4] US EPA, Chemistry Dashboard, Scandium fluoride, Available from: https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/dsstoxdb/results?search=DTXSID7065594#env-fate-transport, Accessed: 16. 07. 2018

[5] Chemspider, Scandium fluoride, Available from: http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.75501.html, Accessed: 16. 07. 2018

[6] ChemicalBook, CAS DataBase List , Scandium trifluoride,   Available from: http://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB0257895.htm, Accessed: 16. 07. 2018 

[7] The structural mystery of scandium fluoride illustrated (2017, August 10)

  Available from: https://phys.org/news/2017-08-mystery-scandium-fluoride.html, Accessed: 16. 07. 2018 

[8] Aleksandrov, K. S.; V. N. Voronov; A. N. Vtyurin; A. S. Krylov; M. S. Molokeev; M. S. Pavlovskiĭ; S. V. Goryaĭnov; A. Yu. Likhacheva; A. I. Ancharov (2009). "Pressure-induced phase transition in the cubic ScF3 crystal". Physics of the Solid State. 51 (4): 810–816.  doi:10.1134/S1063783409040295ISSN 1063-7834

[9] Wiberg, E., Holleman, A. F. (2001) Inorganic Chemistry, Elsevier, ISBN 0-12-352651-5.

[10] TOXNET, ChemIDplus, Substance, Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 35(8), Pg. 43, 1991, Available from: https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/13709-47-2, Accessed: 18. 07. 2018

[11] ECHA, Information on chemicals, Scandium trifluoride. Available from: https://echa.europa.eu/hu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database/-/discli/notification-details/103635/798717

[12] Sigma-aldrich, GENERIC EU MSDS, Scandium(III) fluoride. Available from: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/MSDS

[13] Pubchem, Scandium fluoride. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Scandium-fluorideAccessed: 02. 06. 2020