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illegal logging activities throughout the country and strip mining for gems in the western region along the border with Thailand have resulted in habitat loss and declining biodiversity (in particular, destruction of mangrove swamps threatens natural fisheries); soil erosion; in rural areas, most of the population does not have access to potable water; declining fish stocks because of illegal fishing and overfishing | |
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waterborne diseases are prevalent; deforestation; overgrazing; desertification; poaching; overfishing | |
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air pollution and resulting acid rain severely affecting lakes and damaging forests; metal smelting, coal-burning utilities, and vehicle emissions impacting on agricultural and forest productivity; ocean waters becoming contaminated due to agricultural, industrial, mining, and forestry activities | |
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soil erosion; deforestation due to demand for wood used as fuel; water shortages; desertification; environmental damage has threatened several species of birds and reptiles; illegal beach sand extraction; overfishing | |
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no natural fresh water resources; drinking water supplies must be met by rainwater catchments | |
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tap water is not potable; poaching has diminished the country's reputation as one of the last great wildlife refuges; desertification; deforestation | |
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inadequate supplies of potable water; improper waste disposal in rural areas contributes to soil and water pollution; desertification | |
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widespread deforestation and mining threaten natural resources; air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution from raw sewage | |
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air pollution (greenhouse gases, sulfur dioxide particulates) from reliance on coal produces acid rain; water shortages, particularly in the north; water pollution from untreated wastes; deforestation; estimated loss of one-fifth of agricultural land since 1949 to soil erosion and economic development; desertification; trade in endangered species | |
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loss of rainforest; impact of phosphate mining | |
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NA | |
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fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs | |
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deforestation; soil and water quality damage from overuse of pesticides; air pollution, especially in Bogota, from vehicle emissions | |
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soil degradation and erosion results from crop cultivation on slopes without proper terracing; deforestation | |
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poaching threatens wildlife populations; water pollution; deforestation; refugees responsible for significant deforestation, soil erosion, and wildlife poaching; mining of minerals (coltan - a mineral used in creating capacitors, diamonds, and gold) causing environmental damage | |
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air pollution from vehicle emissions; water pollution from the dumping of raw sewage; tap water is not potable; deforestation | |
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NA | |
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no permanent fresh water resources | |
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deforestation and land use change, largely a result of the clearing of land for cattle ranching and agriculture; soil erosion; coastal marine pollution; fisheries protection; solid waste management; air pollution | |
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deforestation (most of the country's forests - once the largest in West Africa - have been heavily logged); water pollution from sewage and industrial and agricultural effluents | |
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air pollution (from metallurgical plants) and resulting acid rain is damaging the forests; coastal pollution from industrial and domestic waste; landmine removal and reconstruction of infrastructure consequent to 1992-95 civil strife | |
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air and water pollution; biodiversity loss; deforestation | |
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water resource problems (no natural reservoir catchments, seasonal disparity in rainfall, sea water intrusion to island's largest aquifer, increased salination in the north); water pollution from sewage and industrial wastes; coastal degradation; loss of wildlife habitats from urbanization | |
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air and water pollution in areas of northwest Bohemia and in northern Moravia around Ostrava present health risks; acid rain damaging forests; efforts to bring industry up to EU code should improve domestic pollution | |
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2032.html?countryName=&countryCode=®ionCode=2